Nonursewantstobethecauseofafatalmedicationerror,yeteveryshiftwegivemedicinesthatareconsideredhigh-risk.
没有护士想要造成致命的用药错误，尽管在上班的时候小心谨慎，也还是处于高风险的窘境。
ThereportpreparedbytheQualityUseofMedicinesandPharmacyResearchCentre(Roughead,SempleRosenfeld)hasrecognisedthesignificantdangerthatafewgroupsofmedicationspose.TheacronymAPINCHisdesignedtoserveasareminderthatevenroutinelyadministeredmedicinesposeahighrisktopatientsafety.
据用药质量控制和药学研究中心(年Roughead,SempleRosenfeld)研究报告显示，有数组药物存在严重的危险。有一组缩写为APINCH的药物提醒我们，即使是常规药也会对患者安全造成威胁。
APINCH
A–Anti-infectives
A－抗感染药物
P–Potassiumandotherelectrolytes
P－钾及其他电解质
I–Insulin
I－胰岛素
N–Narcoticsandothersedatives
N－麻醉剂及其他镇静剂
C–Chemotherapeuticagents
C－化疗药物
H–Heparinandotheranticoagulants
H－肝素及其他抗凝剂
HighRiskMedicationErrors
高危用药错误
Highriskmedicationsarethosethathaveahighchanceofcausingharmiftheyaremisusedorusedinerror.Theyaregenerallymedicineswithanarrowtherapeuticindex.Thismeansthatthedifferencebetweenamedicine’sdesiredeffect(efficacy)andalethalortoxicdose(potency)isverysmall.Inotherwords,asmallincreaseinthemedicine’sconcentrationinthebodycouldleadtotoxiclevelsandfatalconsequences(Roughead,SempleRosenfeld).
高危药物是指那些如果滥用或是错误使用后造成伤害的药物。这些药物一般都是治疗指标单一的药物。这就意味着药物的预期效果(功效)与致命性或是毒性(效力)是同时存在的。换句话说，体内药物浓度的小幅度增加会导致毒性剧增，甚至是致命的后果(Roughead,SempleRosenfeld).
Canyouguesswhatsomeofthesehighriskmedicationsare?You’veprobablygivenatleastfiveofthesixmedicineclassestoday.
你能猜出这些高风险的药物有哪些吗？你可能已经知道得八九不离十了。
Medicationerrorscandrivenursestofeelingsofguilt,andsometimesworse.However,nursesarehuman,andmedicationerrorscanhappen.Wehavearesponsibilitytofindwaysofminimisingthemthough,tokeepourpatientssafe.
用药错误会引发护士的罪恶感，有时甚至更糟糕。然而，常在河边走，怎能不湿鞋。尽管如此，我们还是必须将大事化小，小事化了，以确保患者的安全。
Medicationerrorscanhappenanywherealongthechainoftheprocess.Errorscanoccurwithprescribing,documenting,transcribing,dispensing,administeringandmonitoring.Atallthesepointsalongthechain,anursehastostepinanddouble-checkthateveryone,fromthedoctortothepharmacist,performedtheirjobcorrectly.Anursealsohastodouble-checkthemselves.Withallofthisresponsibilityfallingtooneperson,itisnowonderthaterrorshappen.
用药错误可能在整个治疗过程的任何一个环节发生，如处方，记录，转抄，配药，给药和核对上。在整个环节的所有要点上，护士都必须介入并进行双重核查，从医生到药剂师，都要确保他们的工作无误。护士同时也要对自己的操作进行核对，几乎参与了整个过程，这也就不奇怪错误在所难免了。
Orderingthewrongmedicineaccountsforalmosthalfofallmedicationerrors.Itiswhentheerror
